Wind Chill Calculator

Calculate wind chill factor using NWS formula. See frostbite risk time and danger level.

By Konstantin Iakovlev · Updated April 2026 · Source: NWS

°F
mph

Wind Chill Temperature

6°F

Extreme Cold

Actual Temp

20°F

Feels Like

6°F

Frostbite Risk

10-30 minutes

What to Wear

Heavy insulation required. Minimize time outdoors. Protect all exposed skin.

Wind Chill at Various Wind Speeds

5 mph13°F
10 mph9°F
15 mph6°F
20 mph4°F
25 mph3°F
30 mph1°F
40 mph-1°F

Wind chill is calculated using the National Weather Service formula. It estimates how cold it feels on exposed skin based on air temperature and wind speed. Always monitor for signs of frostbite and hypothermia in cold conditions.

Use the Wind Chill Calculator above to calculate your results. Enter your values and see instant results — all calculations run in your browser.

Disclaimer: This calculator is for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax, financial, or legal advice. Results are estimates based on the information you provide and current rates. Always consult a qualified tax professional or financial advisor for advice specific to your situation.

How It Works

Cold air feels colder when the wind blows, and the wind chill figure puts a number on that gap. It estimates the temperature your body actually experiences once moving air strips heat away from exposed skin, which can sit well below the reading on a thermometer. Knowing that effective temperature is what lets you dress for a winter morning in 2026 and steer clear of frostbite or hypothermia before they start.

The National Weather Service formula drives the result: Wind Chill (ºF) = 35.74 + 0.6215T - 35.75(V^0.16) + 0.4275T(V^0.16), with T as the air temperature in Fahrenheit and V as wind speed in miles per hour. Researchers built it from heat-transfer modeling and tests on human volunteers so it mirrors the real rate at which wind pulls warmth off bare skin. Alongside the temperature, the tool flags a danger level and an estimated time before frostbite sets in.

One limit is worth holding onto: wind chill acts only on exposed skin, not on objects or on parts of your body that are covered. Pipes that might freeze and the fluids in your car respond to the actual air temperature, so use that figure for those concerns. People also tend to misjudge how fast frostbite arrives, and in a hard wind at low temperatures it can happen in minutes.

Example: Hiking in the Rocky Mountains, January 2026

  1. 1 Input an air temperature of 10°F and a wind speed of 25 mph.
  2. 2 Using the NWS formula: Wind Chill = 35.74 + 0.6215(10) - 35.75(25^0.16) + 0.4275(10)(25^0.16). This calculates to approximately -13.5°F.
  3. 3 The calculated wind chill is -14°F (rounded). At this wind chill, exposed skin could experience frostbite in as little as 10-15 minutes.
  4. 4 This indicates a 'High Danger' level. It is crucial to wear multiple layers, cover all exposed skin, and limit time outdoors to prevent severe cold-related injuries like frostbite and hypothermia. Recheck conditions frequently, as wind speeds can fluctuate rapidly in mountainous terrain.

Source: NWS · Last updated: April 2026

Frequently Asked Questions

What is wind chill and how is it calculated?
Wind chill measures how cold it feels on exposed skin when wind is factored in. The NWS formula combines air temperature and wind speed. At 20°F with a 20 mph wind, the wind chill is about 4°F.
At what wind chill is frostbite a danger?
Frostbite can occur within 30 minutes at wind chills of -20°F, within 10 minutes at -35°F, and within 5 minutes at -50°F or below. Exposed skin (face, ears, fingers) is most vulnerable.
Does wind chill affect objects like car engines?
No. Wind chill only affects living organisms. Objects cool faster in wind but cannot drop below the actual air temperature. Your car will not freeze at a higher temperature just because of wind chill.