Square Root Calculator

Calculate square root, cube root, and nth root of any number.

By Konstantin Iakovlev · Updated April 2026 · Source: Khan Academy

Square Root

12.000000

Cube Root

5.241483

Root Results

Square Root12.000000
Cube Root5.241483
2th Root12.000000
Perfect Square?Yes

Use the Square Root Calculator above to calculate your results. Enter your values and see instant results — all calculations run in your browser.

Disclaimer: This calculator is for informational purposes only and does not constitute tax, financial, or legal advice. Results are estimates based on the information you provide and current rates. Always consult a qualified tax professional or financial advisor for advice specific to your situation.

How It Works

Finding a square, cube, or nth root quickly comes up constantly for students, engineers, and anyone working with measurements, and this calculator handles all of them. The applications stretch from gauging the throughput of a 25.6 terabyte data transfer in a quantum computing array to sizing 3D-printed micro-components, and as the data and engineering problems of 2026 grow more involved, fast and accurate root extraction stays a fundamental building block. Automating the computation cuts both the time spent and the chance of slipping up by hand.

To find a root, the calculator runs an iterative numerical method, typically the Newton-Raphson approach. Given a number 'x' and a root 'n', it searches for a value 'y' satisfying y^n = x, sharpening its estimate over repeated passes until it reaches the target precision. That technique holds up well across the full spread of inputs, from small whole numbers to large decimals, while keeping accuracy high.

Taking the square root of a negative number yields an imaginary result, which the calculator flags whenever it applies. Very large nth roots or extremely tiny numbers can take a touch longer to resolve, simply because the algorithm works by iteration. One pitfall worth naming: an nth root is not the same as dividing by n. The square root of 9 is 3, not 4.5.

Example: Calculating the Optimal Side Length for a New AI Server Rack

  1. 1 A leading tech company in 2026 is designing a new AI server rack that needs to have a perfect cubic volume of 1,728,000 cm³ to fit 8,000 next-generation neural processing units. They need to determine the precise side length of this cubic rack.
  2. 2 Input the number 1,728,000 and select 'Cube Root' (or '3rd Root'). The calculator applies the Newton-Raphson method to find a value 'x' such that x³ = 1,728,000.
  3. 3 The calculated cube root is 120.
  4. 4 This means each side of the optimal AI server rack should be exactly 120 cm. This precise dimension ensures maximum efficiency in space utilization within their new $50 million data center, preventing costly redesigns and delays in deployment of their $1.2 billion AI initiative.

Source: Khan Academy · Last updated: April 2026

Frequently Asked Questions

How do I calculate a square root without a calculator?
Use estimation and refinement. For sqrt(50), note that 7^2=49 and 8^2=64, so it is between 7 and 8, closer to 7. Try 7.07: 7.07^2 = 49.98, very close to 50. The Babylonian method (guess, divide, average) converges quickly.
Can you take the square root of a negative number?
Not in the real number system. The square root of a negative number is imaginary. Sqrt(-1) is defined as i (the imaginary unit). Sqrt(-9) = 3i. Complex numbers (a + bi) are used in engineering and physics when square roots of negatives arise.
What is the difference between a square root and a cube root?
A square root finds what number times itself equals the input (sqrt(25) = 5 because 5x5 = 25). A cube root finds what number times itself three times equals the input (cbrt(27) = 3 because 3x3x3 = 27). Cube roots of negative numbers are real.